人防地下室通風(fēng)管道安裝要注意什么？

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（1）管頭制作不合格。鋼板風(fēng)管的管頭應(yīng)加角鋼法蘭連接。鋼板應(yīng)翻轉(zhuǎn)到角鋼上，并纏繞在管頭周圍，以避免空氣泄漏（2）橡膠墊不相交。橡膠墊片應(yīng)沿接頭法蘭成圈連接。但是，施工往往不精細(xì)，橡膠墊上有斷條，尤其是四角，導(dǎo)致漏氣（3）螺栓不緊。法蘭接頭應(yīng)采用螺栓連接。螺栓松動(dòng)是空氣泄漏的主要原因。螺栓不緊，通常位于通風(fēng)管靠墻或靠頂板的一側(cè)。原因是由于設(shè)計(jì)或施工原因，

(1) The pipe head is unqualified. The pipe head of steel plate air duct shall be connected with angle steel flange. The steel plate shall be turned over to the angle steel and wound around the pipe head to avoid air leakage. (2) the rubber gasket shall not intersect. The rubber gasket shall be connected in circles along the joint flange. However, the construction is often not fine, and there are broken strips on the rubber gasket, especially the four corners, resulting in air leakage (3) Loose bolts. Flange joints shall be bolted. Loose bolts are the main cause of air leakage. Loose bolts are usually located on the side of the ventilation pipe against the wall or roof. The reason is due to design or construction reasons,

管道離頂板或側(cè)墻太近，螺栓安裝困難。處理方法：對(duì)于小截面管道，可采用先連接后就位的施工方法。對(duì)于大截面風(fēng)管，可采取措施進(jìn)入風(fēng)管連接封堵

The pipeline is too close to the top plate or side wall, so it is difficult to install bolts. Treatment method: for small section pipes, the construction method of connecting first and then in place can be adopted. For large section air duct, measures can be taken to connect and block the air duct

管件安裝

Pipe fitting installation

（1）散流器出風(fēng)口。擴(kuò)散器出口與通風(fēng)管的連接段應(yīng)為硬連接；如果軟連接使用帆布接頭，軟管段的長(zhǎng)度不得超過(guò)150mm。超過(guò)150mm時(shí)，必須硬連接（2）百葉風(fēng)口。百葉風(fēng)口的制造應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、美觀、靈活。然而，大多數(shù)工藝都很粗糙，開(kāi)關(guān)也不靈活，因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇前凑諛?biāo)準(zhǔn)圖紙制造的。鐵皮風(fēng)管在就位前不會(huì)打開(kāi)，但在就位后會(huì)在空氣中打開(kāi)。這樣，出風(fēng)口邊緣與風(fēng)管之間的連接很難平整光滑（3）防煙防火閥。防煙防火閥對(duì)消防排煙管道上的防煙區(qū)起控制作用。閥體上設(shè)有手動(dòng)操作手柄和觀察孔，以便在操作時(shí)觀察閥門內(nèi)數(shù)百頁(yè)的動(dòng)作

(1) Diffuser outlet. The connection section between diffuser outlet and ventilation pipe shall be hard connection; if canvas joint is used for soft connection, the length of hose section shall not exceed 150mm. When it exceeds 150mm, it must be hard connection (2) Louver vent. The manufacturing of louver vent should be standard, beautiful and flexible. However, most processes are very rough and the switch is not flexible, because they are not manufactured according to the standard drawings. The iron sheet air duct will not open before it is in place, but will open in the air after it is in place. In this way, the connection between the edge of the air outlet and the air duct is difficult to be smooth (3) Smoke and fire damper. The smoke and fire damper controls the smoke control area on the fire smoke exhaust pipe. The valve body is equipped with a manual operating handle and an observation hole to observe the action of hundreds of pages in the valve during operation

在工程實(shí)踐中，經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)操作手柄和觀察孔的一側(cè)靠墻安裝，甚無(wú)法觀察到間隙。安裝電動(dòng)防火閥，在其閥體上設(shè)置吊架固定

In engineering practice, it is often found that one side of the operating handle and observation hole is installed against the wall, and even the gap can not be observed. Install the electric fire damper, and set a hanger on its valve body for fixing

（4）防火閥。防火閥是當(dāng)進(jìn)入排煙管的煙火溫度超過(guò)規(guī)定溫度時(shí)，自動(dòng)熔斷熔斷絲、落下閥板并切斷氣流的裝置

(4) Fire damper. Fire damper is a device that automatically fuses the fuse, drops the valve plate and cuts off the air flow when the pyrotechnic temperature entering the smoke exhaust pipe exceeds the specified temperature

安裝在排煙管上的防火閥具有方向性，不得反向安裝。如果反向安裝，則不會(huì)起到防火作用。防火閥有兩種類型：70℃和280℃。70℃為防煙防火閥，常開(kāi)；280℃為排煙防火閥，排煙時(shí)常閉常開(kāi)。

The fire damper installed on the smoke exhaust pipe shall be directional and shall not be installed in reverse. If installed in reverse, it will not play a fire prevention role. There are two types of fire dampers: 70 ℃ and 280 ℃. 70 ℃ is smoke and fire damper, normally open; 280 ℃ is the smoke exhaust fire damper, which is often closed and normally open.

吊頂主龍骨、次龍骨應(yīng)與送排風(fēng)口錯(cuò)開(kāi)，即吊頂主龍骨、次龍骨不得出現(xiàn)在出風(fēng)口下方。如果發(fā)生這種情況，請(qǐng)更改龍骨的位置或斷開(kāi)次龍骨。不允許通過(guò)軟連接繞過(guò)龍骨，如圖5.4.4所示。

The main keel and secondary keel of the ceiling shall be staggered with the air supply and exhaust outlet, that is, the main keel and secondary keel of the ceiling shall not appear below the air outlet. If this happens, change the position of the keel or disconnect the secondary keel. It is not allowed to bypass the keel through soft connection, as shown in Figure 5.4 4.

安裝除塵器。戰(zhàn)時(shí)使用的除塵器和過(guò)濾吸收器可能不是在和平時(shí)期安裝，而是在戰(zhàn)前安裝。但是，粗集塵器應(yīng)在平時(shí)安裝，尤其是在平時(shí)和戰(zhàn)時(shí)工程中。為保證送風(fēng)質(zhì)量，平時(shí)也需進(jìn)行除塵

Install the dust collector. Dust collectors and filter absorbers used in wartime may not be installed in peacetime, but before war. However, the coarse dust collector should be installed in peacetime, especially in peacetime and wartime projects. In order to ensure the air supply quality, dust removal is also required at ordinary times

油幕除塵器是由不同尺寸的多層金屬濾網(wǎng)組成的除塵設(shè)備，經(jīng)油掛處理后堆放在一起，安裝在金屬框架內(nèi)。油網(wǎng)除塵器是人防工程通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中的常用設(shè)備，是過(guò)濾吸收器的前保護(hù)裝置。過(guò)濾器-吸收器由過(guò)濾器和吸收器組成。由于過(guò)濾器中使用的過(guò)濾材料比較致密，容易被大顆粒堵塞，縮短使用壽命。因此，需要在其前面設(shè)置一個(gè)油網(wǎng)除塵器，去除大顆粒，以保證過(guò)濾吸收器的正常使用，延長(zhǎng)其使用壽命。

Oil curtain dust remover is a dust removal equipment composed of multi-layer metal filters of different sizes. It is stacked together after oil hanging treatment and installed in the metal frame. Oil screen dust collector is a common equipment in the ventilation system of civil air defense engineering. It is the front protection device of filter absorber. Filter absorber consists of filter and absorber. Because the filter material used in the filter is relatively dense, it is easy to be blocked by large particles and shorten the service life. Therefore, an oil screen dust collector needs to be set in front of it to remove large particles first, so as to ensure the normal use of the filter absorber and prolong its service life.

油網(wǎng)除塵器在保護(hù)放射性粉塵方面起著極其重要的作用。放射性塵埃是核武器爆炸產(chǎn)生的殺傷力?？諝庵酗h浮的放射性粉塵一旦進(jìn)入人防工程，很難。防御工事的內(nèi)部將長(zhǎng)期受到放射性射線的影響，這將直接威脅到人們的生命。如果安裝了油網(wǎng)除塵器，油網(wǎng)上可能會(huì)堵塞大量放射性粉塵。適當(dāng)時(shí)，可以拆除、挖掘和深埋油網(wǎng)，將防御工事內(nèi)的放射性損害降。由于油網(wǎng)除塵器的重要作用，在進(jìn)風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中設(shè)置油網(wǎng)除塵器。油網(wǎng)除塵器有兩種安裝方式

Oil net dust collector plays an extremely important role in protecting radioactive dust. Radioactive dust is the lethality of nuclear weapon explosions. Once the radioactive dust floating in the air enters the civil air defense project, it is difficult to eliminate it. The interior of the fortification will be affected by radioactive rays for a long time, which will directly threaten people's life and safety. If an oil screen dust collector is installed, a large amount of radioactive dust may be blocked on the oil screen. When appropriate, the oil network can be dismantled, excavated and deeply buried to minimize radioactive damage in the fortification. Due to the important role of oil net dust collector, oil net dust collector is set in the air inlet system. There are two installation modes of oil net dust collector

一種是管式安裝，另一種是垂直安裝。當(dāng)風(fēng)量較大時(shí)，一般垂直安裝。垂直安裝有兩個(gè)好處：

One is tubular installation, the other is vertical installation. When the air volume is large, it is generally installed vertically. Vertical installation has two benefits:

，風(fēng)量大。立式安裝可根據(jù)風(fēng)量要求靈活選擇油網(wǎng)除塵器的數(shù)量，適用于大風(fēng)量系統(tǒng)。第二，當(dāng)油網(wǎng)除塵器的通風(fēng)阻力達(dá)到規(guī)定值時(shí)，項(xiàng)目使用時(shí)應(yīng)更換油網(wǎng)。油網(wǎng)除塵器濾網(wǎng)是一種劇毒載體和二次毒源。在更換過(guò)程中，環(huán)境可能會(huì)再次受到污染。垂直安裝的除塵器有一個(gè)特殊的腔室。穿戴防毒服和口罩的人員進(jìn)入室內(nèi)，關(guān)閉檢查閉門，在除塵器室內(nèi)進(jìn)行更換操作，對(duì)氣體過(guò)濾室的污染影響小得多。

First, the air volume is large. Vertical installation can flexibly select the number of oil net dust collectors according to the air volume requirements, which is suitable for large air volume systems. Second, when the ventilation resistance of the oil net dust collector reaches the specified value, the oil net shall be replaced when the project is used. The filter screen of oil screen dust collector is a highly toxic carrier and secondary poison source. During the replacement process, the environment may be contaminated again. The vertical mounted dust collector has a special chamber. Personnel wearing anti-virus clothing and masks enter the room, close the inspection door, and carry out replacement operation in the dust collector room, which has a much smaller impact on the pollution of the gas filter room.

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